What Is Syncope?
Syncope (fainting) refers to a sudden, brief loss of consciousness (Transient Loss of Consciousness: TLOC) followed by spontaneous recovery. It is often caused by reduced blood flow to the brain. Other causes include seizures, inner ear disorders (affecting balance), or neurological issues. If untreated, patients may fall and sustain head injuries.

Causes of Syncope

1. Heart-Related Causes:

   • Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (abnormally thickened heart muscle).

   • Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats).

2. Autonomic Nervous System Dysfunction:

   • Triggered by specific situations: coughing, sneezing, straining during bowel movements/urination, prolonged standing in crowded/hot environments, fear of needles/blood, or post-exercise.

   • Chronic conditions: diabetes (orthostatic hypotension), Parkinson’s disease, dementia, or spinal cord injuries.

3. Blood Loss or Dehydration:

   • Severe bleeding or inadequate fluid intake.

4. Medications:

   • Blood pressure drugs, diuretics, antidepressants, or prostate medications.

How to Prevent Syncope

• Annual health checkups to identify underlying conditions.

• Eat a balanced diet tailored to your age and needs.

• Exercise regularly (focus on consistency, not intensity).

• Maintain a healthy weight.

• Stay hydrated (8–13 glasses of water daily).

• Sleep 7–8 hours nightly on a regular schedule.

• Change positions slowly if prone to dizziness.

• Consult a doctor if medications cause frequent dizziness/fainting.

First Aid for Fainting

1. Lay the patient flat on a safe, clean surface. Ensure airflow and clear bystanders.

2. Turn their head to the side to prevent tongue obstruction.

3. Remove food/dentures if present.

4. Call emergency services or transport to a hospital immediately.

Conclusion
Syncope is not normal and may signal serious health issues. Early intervention saves lives.